Fall of Saigon in the Vietnam War

The Fall of Saigon occurred on April 30, 1975, at the end of the Vietnam War. Commanders North Vietnam General Van Tien DungColonel General Tran Van Tra South Vietnam Lieutenant General Nguyen Van ToanMayor Nguyen Hop Doan Fall of Saigon Background In December 1974, the Peoples Army of North Vietnam (PAVN) began a series of offensives against South Vietnam. Though they achieved success against the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), American planners believed that South Vietnam would be able to survive at least until 1976. Commanded by General Van Tien Dung, PAVN forces quickly gained the upper hand against the enemy in early 1975 as he directed assaults against the Central Highlands of South Vietnam. These advances also saw PAVN troops capture the key cities of Hue and Da Nang on March 25 and 28. American Concerns Following the loss of these cities, Central Intelligence Agency officers in South Vietnam began to question whether the situation could be rescued without large-scale American intervention. Increasingly concerned about the safety of Saigon, President Gerald Ford ordered planning to commence for the evacuation of American personnel. Debate ensued as Ambassador Graham Martin wished any evacuation to occur quietly and slowly to prevent panic whereas the Department of Defense sought a rapid departure from the city. The result was a compromise in which all but 1,250 Americans were to be quickly withdrawn. This number, the maximum that could be carried in a single days airlift, would remain until Tan Son Nhat airport was threatened. In the meantime, efforts would be made to remove as many friendly South Vietnamese refugees as possible. To aid in this effort, Operations Babylift and New Life were initiated in early April and flew out 2,000 orphans and 110,000 refugees respectively. Through the month of April, Americans departed Saigon through the Defense Attachà ©s Office (DAO) compound at Tan Son Nhat. This was complicated as many refused to leave their South Vietnamese friends or dependents. PAVN Advances On April 8, Dung received orders from the North Vietnamese Politburo to press his attacks against the South Vietnamese. Driving against Saigon in what became known as the Ho Chi Minh Campaign, his men encountered the final line of ARVN defenses at Xuan Loc the next day. Largely held by the ARVN 18th Division, the town was a vital crossroads northeast of Saigon. Ordered to hold Xuan Loc at all costs by South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu, the badly outnumbered 18th Division repelled PAVN attacks for nearly two weeks before being overwhelmed. With the fall of Xuan Loc on April 21, Thieu resigned and denounced the United States for failing to provide needed military aid. The defeat at Xuan Loc effectively opened the door for PAVN forces to sweep on to Saigon. Advancing, they encircled the city and had nearly 100,000 men in place by April 27. That same day, PAVN rockets began hitting Saigon. Two days later, these began to damage the runways at Tan Son Nhat. These rocket attacks led the American defense attachà ©, General Homer Smith, to advise Martin that any evacuation would need to be carried out by helicopter. Operation Frequent Wind As the evacuation plan relied on the use of fixed-wing aircraft, Martin demanded the embassys Marine guards to take him to the airport to see the damage firsthand. Arriving, he was forced to agree with Smiths assessment. Learning that the PAVN forces were advancing, he contacted Secretary of State Henry Kissinger at 10:48 AM and requested permission to activate the Frequent Wind evacuation plan. This was immediately granted and the American radio station began repeat playing White Christmas which was the signal for American personnel to move to their evacuation points. Due to the runway damage, Operation Frequent Wind was conducted using helicopters, largely CH-53s and CH-46s, which departed from the DAO Compound at Tan Son Nhat. Leaving the airport they flew out to American ships in the South China Sea. Through the day, buses moved through Saigon and delivered Americans and friendly South Vietnamese to the compound. By evening over 4,300 people had been evacuated through Tan Son Nhat. Though the US Embassy was not intended to be a major departure point, it became one when many became stranded there and were joined by thousands of South Vietnamese hoping to claim refugee status. As a result, flights from the embassy continued through the day and late into the night. At 3:45 AM on April 30, the evacuation of refugees at the embassy was halted when Martin received direct orders from Ford to leave Saigon. He boarded a helicopter at 5:00 AM and was flown to USS Blue Ridge. Though several hundred refugees remained, the Marines at embassy departed at 7:53 AM. Aboard Blue Ridge, Martin desperately argued for helicopters to return to the embassy but was blocked by Ford. Having failed, Martin was able to convince him to allow ships to remain offshore for several days as a haven for those fleeing. The Operation Frequent Wind flights met little opposition from PAVN forces. This was the result of the Politburo ordering Dung to hold fire as they believed interfering with the evacuation would bring American intervention. Though the American evacuation effort had ended, South Vietnamese helicopters and aircraft flew out additional refugees to the American ships. As these aircraft were unloaded, they were pushed overboard to make room for new arrivals. Additional refugees reached the fleet by boat. Fall of Saigon Bombarding the city on April 29, Dung attacked early the next day. Led by the 324th Division, PAVN forces pushed into Saigon and quickly moved to capture key facilities and strategic points around the city. Unable to resist, newly-appointed President Duong Van Minh ordered ARVN forces to surrender at 10:24 AM and sought to peacefully hand over the city. Uninterested in receiving Minhs surrender, Dungs troops completed their conquest when tanks plowed through the gates of the Independence Palace and hoisted the North Vietnamese flag at 11:30 AM. Entering the palace, Colonel Bui Tin found Minh and his cabinet waiting. When Minh stated that he wished to transfer power, Tin replied, â€Å"There is no question of your transferring power. Your power has crumbled. You cannot give up what you do not have.† Completely defeated, Minh announced 3:30 PM that the South Vietnamese government was fully dissolved. With this announcement, the Vietnam War effectively came to an end. Sources HistoryNet: Fall of SaigonBBC: Fall of SaigonUSNI: Operation Frequent Wind

Analyzing Strawson s Three Arguments Against The...

The aim of this essay is to assess Strawson’s three arguments against the incompatibilist from his paper, ‘Freedom and Resentment’ (1974). To this aim, I will first give the context of Strawson’s discussion. Next, I will give an account of causal determinism, following McKenna and Russell (2010), then explain the three camps that have emerged from the dialectic: the (i) compatibilist, (ii) incompatibilist and (iii) what I will call the ‘non-Strawsonian’ pessimist. I will then explain how Strawson’s reactive attitudes framework fits with his three arguments against the incompatibilist. I will then give an analysis of why these arguments fail to show that the incompatibilist position is false. Finally, I will conclude by maintaining that Strawson’s reactive attitudes framework do not demonstrate that the incompatibilist is mistaken in holding that determinism would undermine moral responsibility. Before I begin, I will first note that Strawson’s 1974 paper, ‘Freedom and Resentment’ fits into a broader debate about moral responsibility and free will where he argues for a type of compatibilist position in the free will and moral responsibility literature. I will now define the relevant terms. Determinism is the claim that â€Å"everything that happens in the world including all human thought and action-is subject to causal laws and that this involves the necessitation of effects by antecedent causal conditions† (McKenna and Russell, 2012, 1). What this means is that the course of

Public Interest Political Concept

Question: Discuss about the Public Interest for Political Concept. Answer: Introduction LAN Airlines and Southwest Airlines have been growing at an amazing speed. Now to finance the next face of growth in the business there is a need to finance the next round of increase in working capital. The paper will explore all possible options by which the financing can be raised. The objective is to understand about different kind of financing and then taking a call on the working capital financing. Local currency denominated bank loan Any corporate treasury would have some exposure in mutual funds especially liquid, UST and ST funds. Now to finance the next face of growth in the business there is a need to finance the next round of increase in working capital. The paper will explore all possible options by which the financing can be raised. The objective is to understand about different kind of financing and then taking a call on the working capital financing. This tools would allow the user to set predefined parameters to select the funds from the universe After selection, the user would also have the flexibility to create investment specific triggers like the AUM etc. USD denominated bonds The tool would check how liquid is the stock in the portfolio and create necessary dashboard for the portfolio/watchlist which the user has created Local currency denominated bank loan Currently under development, details to be shared later Equity This report would allow to user to see whether the portfolio is actually diversified or not. The user can use his watchlist, portfolio or select funds from the dropdown Once the user has selected the funds, the tool would show the common portfolio in terms of sector, company etc. Comparison of each of the asset class Benefits Drawback U.S. dollar denominated bonds Benefit of lower interest rate and hedge against any risk after losing the business Currency risk can be high in adverse risk of argentinian peso movement Local Currency denominated bonds Currency risk movement of Argentinian movement If the business is lost, no point of this debt Bank Loan Lower currency risk Can be expensive Equity Adverse movement can be avoided Expensive proposition Local currency denominated bank loan The tool would check how concentrated is the portfolio USD denominated bonds Currently under development, details to be shared later Local currency denominated bank loan How much alpha the fund has generated wrt benchmark, additional benchmark across different time periods shown in the form of dashboard. Now to finance the next face of growth in the business there is a need to finance the next round of increase in working capital. The paper will explore all possible options by which the financing can be raised. The objective is to understand about different kind of financing and then taking a call on the working capital financing. Equity Market cap wise analysis New entry/exit Exposure in terms of AMC/% of AUM/number of schemes Unique and popular holding analysis Online portfolio tracker which can be used by the distributors investor as well It will have all the reports from the current desktop version in a renewed dashboard form plus some exciting new features such as tool for brokerage calculation which is still a big pain point for most small IFAs, distributors etc. It will also provide user the mechanism to store information about its user and use this information smartly like auto SIP reminder, pop-up before a fund maturity, and update on fund performance etc. In one place the user can find the factsheets as published by the AMCs Financing decision The IFA/distributors can use this tool to generate customized factsheet in their own logo and contact details. They can also feed in the prospects information which will be printed on top of the document Some basic investor awareness related content in ICRON branding which can be used for knowledge updation, training of sales force etc. Any customization in content, branding can be done at an additional cost. Now to finance the next face of growth in the business there is a need to finance the next round of increase in working capital. The paper will explore all possible options by which the financing can be raised. The objective is to understand about different kind of financing and then taking a call on the working capital financing (Schubert, 1963). Conclusion They should go for U.S dollar denomination as even if the contract is lost they will be able to service the loan without taking any interest rate risk. Any corporate treasury would have some exposure in mutual funds especially liquid, UST and ST funds. Now to finance the next face of growth in the business there is a need to finance the next round of increase in working capital. The paper will explore all possible options by which the financing can be raised. The objective is to understand about different kind of financing and then taking a call on the working capital financing. How much alpha the fund has generated wrt benchmark, additional benchmark across different time periods shown in the form of dashboard. Now to finance the next face of growth in the business there is a need to finance the next round of increase in working capital. The paper will explore all possible options by which the financing can be raised. References: Hantke-Domas, M. (2003). The public interest theory of regulation: non-existence or misinterpretation?.European journal of law and economics,15(2), 165-194. Schubert, G. A. (1960).The public interest: A critique of the theory of a political concept. Free Press of Glencoe Sanday, P. R. (Ed.). (2014).Anthropology and the public interest: Fieldwork and theory. Academic Press Baudot, L., Roberts, R. W., Wallace, D. M. (2015). An examination of the US public accounting professions public interest discourse and actions in federal policy making.Journal of Business Ethics, 1-18

Bi

Bi-Lingual Education Essay Bilingual EducationEducation is very important. There use to be a time when you didn’t have to go to school. When it was only important for men to have an education. Times have really changed. Now it is crucial for everyone in our society to have an education. Survival is the main reason: a cohesive society is another. Our schools today need to keep Bilingual education as a tool for teaching: not only for the sake of our society but also for the sense of our culture. Bilingual education in our schools is crucial: but still there is talk about banning the use of foreign language in the instruction of our young children. We have to work to change that kind of attitude. We have to proceed from the assumption that bilingual education is a sound educational proposition for all children and that it addresses the needs of all the constituencies of education. Now more than ever the words of Thomas Jefferson ring with special meaning: in 1977, in a letter to his nephew, Jefferson said: â€Å"Bestow great attention on Spanish and endeavor to acquire an accurate knowledge of it. Our future connections with Spain and Spanish America will render that language a valuable acquisition. The ancient history of that part of America, too, is written in that language†. (qt. in A Relook ’66). Hispanic leaders should plan an initiative to help Hispanic youths do better in school. Its a coming-together as a community to deal with a very pressing issue. The organizations should be composed of public officials, students, educators, administrators, and business people and should try to determine the biggest problems facing Latino students in their community. These groups need to work together to develop a statewide agenda. Hispanic students, according to some studies, lag behind other students in classroom performance; have the highest dropout rate of any ethnic group in the country; and, according to federal data, are less likely to pursue higher learning(Tucson â⠂¬â„¢66). We as a society, need to have a school system that prepares our students for higher education if that is their choice. Society needs to work together to change the educational process for Latino students. Consider these numbers, which we drew from As A Relook at Tucson ’66 states† Minority groups are being shortchanged by more than 200,000 teaching jobs in the public elementary and secondary schools of the nation. In 1972, the enrollment of the nation’s public schools was 44.6 million. As a relook at Tucson ’66 states, the number of English speakers in the Western Hemisphere is only slightly larger than that of Spanish speakers. By the year 2000 the number of Spanish speakers will be far greater than the number of english speakers. Statistics indicate that the United States is now one of the major Spanish-American countries. One statistical example: If the figures on illegal Mexican aliens are correct, that means that every year the United States adds another city the size of Albuquerque and Tucson combined. Or, put it another way, it adds another state larger in population than Wyoming and Alaska combined†(a relook at Tucson 14). The policy of most governments toward bilingualism in the home is and long has been one of neglect. A few countries actively encourage it, especially if the second (non-community) language is the more important language in the country or in the world, or if the minority (community) language is the language of a group given special consideration under the law. Many countries, which have recently been colonies, for example, encourage their young people to learn the language of their former Mother Country, because bilingualism of this type is important in international trade and politics. However, we could find castles full of research and still very little is being done in public schools to improve and enforce bilingual education. We have to use the research being conducted about bilingual edu cation and improve bilingual education. Some public schools want to stop bilingual education, saying that its detrimental to students but they dont put any consideration in improving it, or educating themselves on the needs of not just Latino but all children. All bilingual children deserve further discussion on the issues of culture, immigration, ethnicity and adjustment. An Introduction To Nanoscience And Nanotechnology Biology EssaySocial Issues

The Tempest Persuasive Essay Example For Students

The Tempest Persuasive Essay The Tempest was written in the early Stuart period in England when masques were becoming exceedingly popular, and were often performed at weddings to honor marriages. The Tempest is heavily influenced by elements of the masque, and can be performed with the same purposes as one, although it is far too rich to be classified simply into that genre of plays. In masques the use of spectacle was extensive. The Tempest reflects this in many ways. The very first scene, Act I scene i, is that of a ship in action, and requires elaborate special effects to convey a sense of realism. The banquet scene in Act III scene iii requires a quaint device to make it vanish, and also makes extensive use of costume, dance and music, as the spirits enter in the form of shapeless creatures and Ariel is the form of a harpy. The masque within the play in Act IV requires elaborate costumes for the goddesses and, ideally, machinery for Juno to descend as deus ex machina with. It also involves great amounts of s ong and dance. The entire play makes extensive use of music, with Ariels songs and Prosperos charms as well as the sweet airs of the island itself. Being non-human, Caliban, Ariel and the spirits require elaborate costume to make them appear so, and the court party members are decked in their finest court apparel, having just been at Claribels wedding, so that Miranda is taken aback by the brave new world / That hath such creatures int on seeing them. The elements of pastoral comedy in The Tempest are also linked to those of the masque. A natural man, Caliban, exists. So do a pair of noble young lovers, Ferdinand and Miranda, who are brought together in the pastoral setting of an island, unaffected by the corruptive influences of civilisation, making Miranda an innocent and undeceitful young woman. She has had no time for vainer hours, as other princesses would have, leading to vanity, but has been educated by Prospero, showing she is innocent rather than ignorant. She is uncoquetti sh and direct in her advances to Ferdinand in Act III scene ii, and yet is filial, worrying about disobeying her father in what she feels is right. It is her virtue and innate nobility that make Ferdinand mistake her, on their first encounter, as most sure the goddess of this island. Ferdinand is also virtuous, having the chivalry to bear logs for Prospero as punishment simply because he has been defeated and having the ability to let the pure white virgin snow upon my heart / Abate the ardour of my liver. The chastity of the two lovers points toward the need for reason to rule passion for a harmonious relationship. This is reinforced again by the masque, in which the unruly Vesus and Cupid are omitted, and instead include Ceres, Juno and Iris, goddesses of the harvest, reflecting mans harmony with nature; marriage, reflecting the importance of marriage vows; and the rainbow, reflecting the harmony of nature. The presence of the goddesses themselves in the masque reflects the elemen t of divine intervention in the masque. In masques, it was common for characters from Grco-Roman mythology to be featured, blessing the couple. Divine intervention is also manifested in Ariel, who can only do good, as seen by the fact that he could not work for Sycorax. He is subordinated to Prospero, as well as all the other spirits, weaving in the concept of the supernatural. Ariel also alludes to mythology in his attirements as a seanymph and harpy. However, it would be wrong to classify The Tempest as a masque, as although it contains many elements of the masque, it features a structured plot with an exploration of controversial ideas and themes, such as that of nature versus nurture in Caliban and Antonio, and that of disruption of social hierarchy. Masques tended to rely more on spectacle and moral than on plot; the plot was often weak or non-existent. Through this, we can see that Shakespeare incorporated elements of the masque into that of his conventional plays, producing a play that can be well-regarded in both respects. The Tempest contains certain antimasque elements, such as the conspiracies for murder. Antonio and Sebastian prove that even with all the benefits of noble birth and civilised education, evil men can be produced. This is against traditional masque ideas of nobility. Antonios act of usurping Prospero, and their intention to murder Alonso and usurp his throne, give the play tragic elements as well, as they value their personal benefits over those of society. The mock court party also has antimasque qualities, as the rough humour of their folly in attempting to be rulers tickles us in a base way. However, their intent to murder Prospero also presents a dark side of the play, and Caliban is a base, dull, uncivilised brute rather than the innocent and noble natural nice man of Spenser. The fact that he can appreciate the music while many of the people from civilisation cannot points to the fact that he does have a degree of the purity whi ch is destroyed by civilisation, but otherwise, we are little inclined to admire him. The struggle of Prospero to assert his reason over his passion, planning for the future rather than succumbing to his temptations for revenge, are also against the idea of the masque. Prospero, as the central character, has little to do with the elements of the masque at all, as the main concern of the plot is his education of the people on the island and his own education as a result of this. Thus, it would be impossible to claim that The Tempest is a masque, but possible to claim it has much to owe the masque. It is a masque to the limited extent that it contains most of the elements of the masque, but this is transcended by the fact that it contains much more that is not, making it a better and more profound play. In The Tempest, it would seem that no two characters could be further apart than Prospero, the right duke of Milan, and Caliban, the salvage and deformed slave. They represent two diff erent extremes on the social spectrum: that of the natural ruler, and the naturally ruled. Their positions on the social hierarchy are largely due to the fact that Caliban responds almost wholly to passions, feelings of pleasure his senses, while Prospero is ruled more by his intellect and self-discipline his mind. However, the fight that Prospero has against his own natural tendency to ignore the discipline of his intellect, and give in to pleasures such as vanity and self-indulgence, cannot be ignored. Caliban was born of a witch; Prospero is a magician. However, the types of magic practised by Sycorax and Prospero differ greatly: Sycorax, in many respects a traditional witch, worked within Nature and as a part of it. She worked with devils and the lowest orders of spirits. Prospero, on the other hand, exercises his magic by means of strict discipline and study, rising above the natural order by means of his greater knowledge, and actually coercing spirits of a fairly high rank, such as Ariel, to do his bidding and control other spirits for him. In the Arts which both represent, Prospero certainly reflects the world of the mind. And Sycorax does not? However, in the use of his Art, Prospero reveals himself as not wholly disciplined. okay Prospero enjoys using the power of his Art, as he tells us in his monologue just before his forgiveness of the court party graves at my command opd By my so potent Art. He has also shown that he enjoys using it to show off, as he did during the masque he provided for Ferdinand and Miranda, which he indulged in even when Calibans plot and the court party both urgently required his attention. Although we are not given details of Calibans birth, it seems likely that a creature as subhuman in appearance as Caliban was not born of a human union. It has been postulated that, to quote Prospero, he was got by the devil himself upon thy wicked dam, from a union between Sycorax and an incubus (an extremely attractive male apparit ion with intention to tempt). Caliban was therefore a creature born from passion, the offspring of an unholy pleasure. Prospero was not only of noble birth; he was also born to be the ruler of the city-state of Milan. Nobility, in Elizabethan times, carried with it heavy implications: it was expected that Prospero would be intellectually superior, and that he would exercise as great discipline over himself as he was expected to exercise over others, in his role of leadership. From their ancestry, Prospero is likely to be more ruled by his intellect, and Caliban by his love of pleasure. In the history of each character before the opening of The Tempest, there is a further contrast. Calibans original love for Prospero and Miranda, and his later misdemeanour and subsequent hatred for them, illustrate his fundamental reliance on his senses. Caliban loved Prospero and Miranda because they made much of me; and his response to this was purely sensual in his recollections: Thou strokst me, wouldst give me / Water with berries int. What Caliban responded to, more than anything else, was the sensation of pleasure that being loved and petted gave him. The action that caused Caliban to be removed from this position and punished was his attempt to rape Miranda, another example of how Caliban seeks pleasure. (Prosperos position on sexual relations is quite opposite he tells Ferdinand repeatedly not to take advantage of his daughter, and hammers the message home with the masque.) True but why? Make the full contrast clear. Prospero, on the other hand, enjoyed his original position as duke of Milan largely because he was able to study to his hearts content. This seems to indicate a particular reliance on the powers of the mind quite opposite to Calibans fault but in actual fact, Prosperos neglect of his duties and self-indulgence in pushing the matters of the state all to Antonio must be censured, and laid at the door of his lack of self-discipline. Prospero did these thi ngs because he enjoyed them so much and like Caliban, he was punished. Which is to say he did not fulfill his responsibilities. Be more direct. However, it must be noted that Prospero was able to learn from his mistake, disciplining himself into the study of magic only so far as it would restore himself, and Milan, to a state of rightful leadership. The decision to give up his magic at the end of the play can be attributed only to intellectual discipline; Prosperos understanding that for the good of his people and himself, he must give up that which gives him pleasure. It is not quite so one dimensional. During The Tempest itself, Prospero and Caliban have two very different purposes. Prospero intends to resolve the injury that was done to Miranda and himself, bloodlessly, by the use of his Art. Calibans dearest wish is to depose Prospero by killing him and, rather than resuming rule of the island himself, submit to the rule of Stephano. Prosperos purpose does indeed include passio n he wishes to take revenge on his false brother, and wants the dukedom returned to himself and Miranda. However, Prospero clearly manages to conquer his personal vendetta against Antonio, as evidenced by his forgiveness of him at the end, and his decision not to ruin Antonio by giving away his plot to kill Alonso. Besides, his personal desire to have his dukedom back is acceptable, because part of this desire is a wish to see the dukedom back in the hands of a ruler who cares for the people, not given to a ruler like Antonio, whose main interest is always himself. Prospero may be thinking in terms of self, but as long as he also keeps this lofty purpose in mind, we may say that the world of the mind has more power over him. good Calibans purpose in attaching himself to Stephano and plotting to kill Prospero is almost wholly passionate. The reason that Caliban believes Stephano to be a worthy ruler, indeed, a god, is that Stephano is the custodian of liquor, a substance that appeal s to his senses. His favourable response to Stephano is like his previous response to Prospero that someone who makes him feel good must be good. Likewise, his attempt at achieving revenge on Prospero is largely in retribution for the punishment Prospero has visited upon his senses. well said However, though Calibans desire for revenge is certainly not cerebral, his passions in it are not entirely sensual either. The crafty manner in which he persuades Stephano to aid him in his plan, by mentioning Prosperos riches and Mirandas beauty, shows the presence of some mental ability; as does his attempted tact in trying to keep Stephanos mind upon bloody thoughts. Furthermore, one of his grievances against Prospero is that he stole the island that was, by birthright, Calibans, and imprisoned Caliban upon it. This is part of the little evidence we have that Caliban operates using more than his senses and passions. However, Calibans mind is subject to his senses, much as Prosperos passions are subject to his mind. Calibans underlying motives are still passionate. His indignation at having his inheritance usurped loses its weight when we realise that, of his own free will, he will let Stephano rule showing himself to be naturally ruled, not ruler. At the end of the play, when he recognises that his choice of Stephano as a ruler was foolish, it is not mental reasoning that has led him to this conclusion, but the evidence of his senses and experience. Caliban has mind enough to function as part of society, but training him to become part of that society cannot be abstract, like Prosperos failed attempt at educating him with Miranda Calibans education must be practical and hammered home with his own senses. Neither Prospero nor Caliban cannot be said to be wholly mind or sensual passion, but Caliban does rely largely on his senses, and by the end of the play, Prosperos mind has achieved a great extent of control over his passions. text passage: Act I, Sc ii, lines 79-1 16. From Being once perfected how to grant suits to To most ignoble stooping Paying close attention to tone imagery, comment on the presentation of Prospero and important ideas in the play raised here. We are presented with the highly emotional and angst-filled account of past times in Milan narrated by the main protagonist of The Tempest, Prospero. The turbulence in his tale reminds us of the equally disturbing tempest in the previous scene with its general mood of disorder and destruction. Although there are no physical indication of violence as in the last scene, Prosperos report is coloured with such images. It is here, in Act 1 Scene 2 that we learn that Prosperos art had conjured up the tempestuous storm. Mirandas piteous heart demands a salvation for the poor souls onboard the ship but her father, the great magician, Prospero promises that, theres no harm done. He proclaims, tis time and sets out to explain his motive for raising The Tempest that is the driving force of the entire play. As he speaks of the past, Prospero is no doubt reliving every single detail in the dark backward and absym of time. He seems to have vengeance on his mind right now. Old wounds are cruelly re-opened and he re-experiences the bitterness of betrayal by is false brother and the pain of what had happened twelve year since. At the same time, he is also stirring up lost memories in Mirandas remembrance. We see Shakespeares magic at work as well while he deftly weaves the plot into his audiences mind. Every time Prospero calls Miranda to attention, Shakespeare speaks through the lips of his creation to his audience, Thou attendst not? Taking on the voice of father, magician and prince of power, the bard leads us straight into the crux of The Tempest of Prosperos voice. The usurped Duke of Milan speaks of the usurper, Antonio most vividly, using myriad images. We picture Antonios brilliance in politics as Prospero tells of how his brother being once perfected how to grant suits , how to deny them, who t advance and which to trash for over-topping supplanted him. He presents us with a hunting image as he acknowledges Antonios skill compliments him. Prospero uses a number of images in his speech to let us see Antonio as a political animal. He shows us how having both the key of the officer and office Antonio gained supporters and got rid of opposers. This double image aptly portrayed how he not only secured the authority entrusted to him; he also had the ability to assert that power to his own means set all hearts ith state to what tune pleasd his ear. At the same time, we notice that the play is one that rings of music, this is only one instance where music is mentioned. It is a recurring motif. He maneuvers his way into nature when he informs Miranda (and the audience) of the ivy which hid my princely trunk and suckd my vendure out ont. We see in our minds eye the devious Antonio who sucked the power out of his brothers welcoming hands and so, his life, leaving only a dry shell. Through the use of such imagery, Shakespeare unfolds the passionate tale of usurpation before the wondrous Miranda and us, the audience. The wise Prospero speaks of how he had laid himself wide open to harm in being transported and rapt in secret studies. Neglecting worldly ends, all dedicated to closeness and the bettering of his mind he entrusted Milan into the hands of his treacherous brother and in doing so, awakd an evil nature in his false brother. Not contented with his position, Antonio new created the creatures that were mine, changd em or else new formd em and confederates with King of Naples to bend Milan to most ignoble stooping. It is obvious that Prospero was not conscious of what Antonio was doing and so, we, the sympathetic listeners feel for him although we know that he is partly at fault for his downfall. Prosperos anger and feelings of vengeance is understandable but we know that theres no harm done. At the same time, as we listen to the usurped fling charge after charge at the amoral usurper like the sea waves beating relentlessly at the yellow sands, Shakespeare questions the Prosperos usurpation of the creatures of the island Caliban and Ariel. We find out later that the powerful mage subjects the most delicate monster, Caliban to most ignoble stooping and even the fine apparition, Ariel is not spared from the magic of Prospero who has him at his beck and call. They cry for liberty but do they receive it from the usurped master? This is another of the important ideas raised in the play. Miranda listens attentively to her father as he relives how he had placed his trust mistakenly on Antonio, like a good parent and how it beget of him a falsehood in its contrary. He needs will be absolute Milan. This convoluted image reminds us of how the unknowing Caliban had placed his trust and loved thee and showed thee all the qualities o th isle. The situation of Prospero twelve year since mirrors that of the abhorred slave , Caliban. Meanwhile, it also presents Antonio and Prospero as complex political creatures surviving in the realism of politics. The usurped did not refrain from usurping others in a different place and time. Here, we see the men as truly brothers because they are alike in their usurpation. The only difference lies in Prosperos benevolence in his decision towards reconciliation. We are given enough to be sure that Antonio will never consider the very idea because he made a sinner of his own memory. The man created and shaped his own reality to suit his means and this is another recurring motif in the play. We have seen how the people are unable to see through the illusion of the tempest and sometimes, they just do not understand their own reality because they do not want to see it. Prospero has made use of that weakness to recover his dukedom as he brings the plotters, Antonio, Sebastian and Alonso to the island for a lesson. We will meet the king of Naples who despairs of ever find ing his beloved son, Ferdinand after The Tempest and refuses to entertain the hope of seeing him again but we know he does in the end. Power, all prerogative had gone into the plotters heads and this veils the actual reality to become another reality in the mind. We encounter another motif in the play, that of fathers. We know that although the fathers (Prospero and Antonio) are enemies, they will forget their differences in the union of their child (Ferdinand and Miranda) eventually. This tale that would cure deafness is the stepping stone of the entire play and we are presented with a multi-faceted Prospero the magician who usurps, the wronged who was usurped, the avenger, the father, the master, the duke. Can we really define him? Shakespeare leaves that intriguing thought in our minds as we take leave of this account full of imagistic qualities and themes. The Tempest, written in 1611, was one of William Shakespeares last plays. It has a combination of superb characters, intere sting settings, and a good plot line—all held together by the running theme of magic, and its ever-present importance. A closer examination of the magic in The Tempest, and the publics view of magic at the time, will give insight as to Shakespeares choice of magic as a theme, and why it has made the play so successful and timeless. Magic presented itself to Shakespeare as a controversial topic, as it had been the persecution of those believed to perform black magic, (witches) that had been at the forefront of societal concerns since 1050. However, after 500 years of witch-hunts, a turning point occurred in 1584, at the publication of Reginald Scots The Discouerie of Witchcrafte (The Discovery of Witchcraft). This book was the first major book to denounce witch-hunts and their ringleaders, and unquestionable the first book in English to actually hypothesize about the methods of these so-called witches. It contained one chapter of approximately twenty pages describing what we m ight view as unsophisticated, old-time magic tricks. One would assume that it was this text, and texts succeeding this (The Art of Juggling, written by Samuel Ridd in 1610 also presented a few how-tos of magic) were probably not only what suggested the idea of using magic as a them to Shakespeare, but in addition, provided methods as to how the magic in the play might be accomplished. Despite the fact that in retrospective analysis it is fairly clear that witches were nothing more that magicians with a slightly different presentation, audiences were not always aware of –and those that were, were rarely convinced by—the two aforementioned texts. Witches were still persecuted and witch-hunts did not actually stop until the end of the seventeenth century. Therefore, Shakespeares use of magic was controversial, compounded by the fact that Prospero was presented in a largely good light—a move probably made as a political statement, as it is known that Shakespeares pl ays were sometimes written to include political suggestions to King James. However, when Prospero relinquished his powers at the end of the play, those that did believe in the witch-hunts were satisfied. Everyone was happy. After considering the contention that the masque scene was added for the purposes of compliment to Elizabeth and Fredericks marriage, one could conclude that Shakespeare learned more about magic after he wrote The Tempest. The reasoning follows. One could only assume that Shakespeare would have tried to make the magic in the play as fooling and magical as possible. Although there were two magic effects in the play, one of them –the spirit music—would not have fooled even the most unsophisticated and nave audiences. Even before the era of Harry Houdini, or even the wandering street magicians of the 1700s, audiences were not fooled by music being played offstage. It is the other effect, that of the banquet disappearance that, well executed, would have fooled Shakespeares audiences, and would even have a shot of passing muster today. However, this banquet sequence was in the masque scene, theoretically added two years after the original writing of the play. The question that begs to be answered therefore, is why didnt Shakespeare fund some other way of including a more sophisticated magic effect into the play? The most logical answer would be that he learned more about magic and witch techniques after he wrote the play. Maybe at first he was unable to grasp the explanations in the Scot text, or maybe he didnt even read it before the original writing—possibly it was just called to his attention, and he was unable to lay his hands on a copy until after he wrote the play Whether or not Shakespeare ever read the Scot text in its entirety, or whether or not the banquet disappearance was added before or after the original writing, neither is relevant to magics central importance to the play. Obviously, magic could grab audiences of Shakespeares time. As it happens, magic had been grabbing audiences since 2500 BC (according to a depiction of a magician on the Beni Hassan tomb in Egypt) and magic continues to grab audiences today. It caught Shakespeares eye, and has made the play timeless, and theatrically entertaining. 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Cover Letter 2012 example Essays - Customer Experience Management

Cover Letter 2012 example Essays - Customer Experience Management 18 February 2012 Reginald Farnham ABC Sales 85 Tuesday Road Papakura AUCKLAND Dear Reginald Re: Sales Assistant Vacancy (vacancy number 40568) I am writing to apply for the position of sales assistant at your company, which was advertised in the Daily Post on 14 February 2012. For the past two years I have worked as a sales assistant at a busy shoe store, where I have developed my customer service skills. Although I have greatly enjoyed this role, I am looking for a new challenge that will provide me with the opportunity to further develop my retail sales career. I have enclosed my CV to support my application. It shows that I will bring important skills to the position, including: time management and strong organisational skills high-level customer service cash-handling and sales ability motivation and dedication. I have been a customer of ABC Sales for a number of years and have always been impressed by the quality of service I have received. I am enthusiastic and professional, and I believe I would fit well into the companys team culture and contribute to the ongoing success of the sales department. I would very much enjoy having the opportunity to talk with you further to discuss the requirements and expectations of the position, and how I could use my skills to benefit ABC. Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Lizzie Long

Emergency , anaphylaxis to seafood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Emergency , anaphylaxis to seafood - Essay Example There may be rash on the skin, trouble in swallowing, trouble in breathing, and more†. (1) Sea food induced anaphylaxis results from the foreign protein (external allergen) coming in contact with the mast cells present in the gastrointestinal tract. This contact leads to histamine being released in massive amounts that produce the symptoms and signs of anaphylaxis. The time from ingestion of the seafood to manifestation of anaphylaxis ranges from just a few minutes to two hours. Signs and symptoms range from tachycardia, hypotension, and breathing difficulty to flushing and uticaria. Deterioration from onset is rapid and leads to life threatening consequences. Asphyxiation is the most common cause for death from anaphylaxis. (2) The patient was brought to the emergency department by his wife on January 10, 2007 at nine in the night. Patient was ambulatory and walked into the emergency department. Skin rash and shortness of breath was the complaint. History showed that the patient had consumed Chinese seafood approximately two hours prior to the presentation at the emergency department. The patient appeared pale. Blood pressure was 75/40, heart rate 125/min. respiratory rate 35, and temperature 36C. No stridor was seen, nor was there any facial. or upper airway swelling. The soft palate and uvula were not edematous. Occasional wheezing was present and the periphery felt cold on touching. Widespread uticaria rash was noticed predominantly on the chest, abdomen, back and proximal limbs. The consumption of sea food approximately two hours prior to the presentation, the low blood pressure, increased heart rate, respiratory compensation, and widespread uticaria rash were positive signs for food induced anaphylaxis. The lack of stridor or facial or upper airway swelling were the negative findings in the diagnosis of food induced anaphylaxis. 0.5 mg adrenalin IM was given immediately. While an IV access was being created I liter of 0.9 saline and a bag of